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| toxodromes [2026/06/30 17:36] – [Cholinergic] Scott Larson | toxodromes [2026/06/30 17:54] (current) – Scott Larson | ||
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| * Meds like physostigmine. | * Meds like physostigmine. | ||
| * Key Symptoms: | * Key Symptoms: | ||
| - | * Mnemonic **" | + | * Mnemonic **" |
| * Severe cases cause pinpoint pupils, muscle fasciculations, | * Severe cases cause pinpoint pupils, muscle fasciculations, | ||
| * Vital Signs & Exam: | * Vital Signs & Exam: | ||
| * Profuse bodily secretions | * Profuse bodily secretions | ||
| - | * bradycardia | + | * Bradycardia |
| * Eye Findings: [[drugs_cause_miosis|Miosis]] | * Eye Findings: [[drugs_cause_miosis|Miosis]] | ||
| Line 54: | Line 54: | ||
| This toxidrome suppresses the central nervous system, mainly through the activation of mu-opioid receptors. | This toxidrome suppresses the central nervous system, mainly through the activation of mu-opioid receptors. | ||
| - | • Common Agents: Morphine, heroin, fentanyl, oxycodone, and codeine. | + | * Common Agents |
| - | • Key Symptoms: CNS depression ranging from extreme drowsiness to unresponsiveness or coma. | + | * Opioids: Morphine, heroin, fentanyl, oxycodone, and codeine |
| - | • Vital Signs & Exam: Severely depressed respiratory rate (bradypnea), | + | |
| + | * CNS depression ranging from extreme drowsiness to unresponsiveness or coma. | ||
| + | | ||
| + | * Bradypnea | ||
| + | * Hypotension | ||
| + | * Hypothermia | ||
| + | * Eye Findings: [[drugs_cause_miosis|Miosis]] | ||
| ====Sedative-Hypnotic==== | ====Sedative-Hypnotic==== | ||
| This syndrome results from the enhancement of GABA receptors, which generally slows down brain activity. | This syndrome results from the enhancement of GABA receptors, which generally slows down brain activity. | ||
| - | + | * Common Agents: | |
| - | • Common Agents: Benzodiazepines (e.g., Valium, Xanax), | + | * Benzodiazepines (e.g., Valium, Xanax) |
| - | • Key Symptoms: Drowsiness, slurred speech, confusion, and ataxia | + | * Barbiturates, |
| - | • Vital Signs & Exam: Depressed breathing, decreased reflexes (hyporeflexia), | + | * Ethanol |
| + | * Sleeping | ||
| + | | ||
| + | * Drowsiness, slurred speech, confusion, and ataxia | ||
| + | | ||
| + | * Depressed breathing | ||
| + | * Hyporeflexia | ||
| + | * Hypotension | ||
| + | * Eye findings: | ||
| ====Resources==== | ====Resources==== | ||
| - | - [[https:// | + | - [[https:// |
| - | - [[https:// | + | Poisoning and Toxidromes: Definitions, |
| - [[https:// | - [[https:// | ||
| - | - [[https:// | + | - [[https:// |
| - | - [[https:// | + | - [[https:// |
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| - [[https:// | - [[https:// | ||
| - | [9] https:// | + | - [[https:// |
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| - | [11] https:// | + | - [[https:// |
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| + | {{tag> | ||